Bats Are Protected in North Carolina
All 17 bat species found in North Carolina are classified as nongame wildlife and are protected under state law. Four species — the Indiana Bat, Virginia Big-eared Bat, Northern Long-eared Bat, and Gray Bat — are federally listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
This means you cannot trap, kill, or poison bats — ever. The only legal removal method is humane exclusion performed by a licensed Wildlife Control Agent (WCA) with a permit from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission.
The May 1 – July 31 Blackout Period
North Carolina law prohibits bat exclusion from May 1 through July 31 each year. This is the bat maternity season, when female bats are giving birth and nursing their pups. Pups cannot fly during their first few weeks of life — if the mothers are excluded from the roost, the flightless pups will starve.
If exclusion devices are installed during maternity season, adult bats locked out may also try to enter living spaces through interior gaps, increasing the risk of human contact.
Best Time to Act
March and April are the ideal months to schedule bat exclusion — before maternity season begins. If you miss that window, August through October is the next best period. Call now to schedule your inspection before the May 1st deadline.
What Happens If You Have Bats During the Blackout?
If bats are discovered in your home between May 1 and July 31, a licensed professional can still perform an inspection and develop a plan. However, exclusion work cannot begin until August 1st. In the meantime, steps can be taken to minimize interaction between bats and residents.
If a single bat enters your living space during any time of year, that is considered an emergency and can be addressed immediately — but colony exclusion must wait until the blackout period ends.
Common NC Bat Species in the Triangle
The most frequently encountered species in Raleigh-area homes are:
- Big Brown Bat — the most common attic bat, robust build, 12-13" wingspan, extremely adaptable
- Little Brown Bat — smaller (9-11" wingspan), often found in colonies of dozens or more
- Brazilian Free-tailed Bat — fast flyers, common in summer months
- Eastern Red Bat — distinctive red fur, typically roosts in trees but occasionally enters structures
Penalties for Illegal Bat Removal
Violating North Carolina's bat protection laws can result in fines and penalties from the NC Wildlife Resources Commission. Killing or harming federally protected species carries additional penalties under the federal Endangered Species Act. Always use a licensed Wildlife Control Agent for bat removal.